福奇：接種了新冠疫苗仍然需要戴口罩

輝瑞等制藥公司在新冠疫苗上的進(jìn)展讓美國(guó)民眾看到了希望，但是白宮健康顧問(wèn)安東尼·福奇博士提醒人們，接種了疫苗仍然要堅(jiān)持佩戴口罩和社交隔離等防護(hù)措施，因?yàn)橐呙缈梢苑乐沟貌?，但可能無(wú)法防止病毒傳播。

As several coronavirus vaccines inch closer toward FDA approval, the nation’s leading infectious disease expert has called on the public to double down on public health measures. Dr. Anthony Fauci, in a virtual discussion with The Hastings Center on Thursday, said the eventual vaccine is meant to protect the individual from getting sick from the coronavirus, but may not prevent that person from spreading the virus to others.

就在好幾種新冠疫苗正在等待美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局的審批之時(shí)，美國(guó)頂級(jí)傳染病專家安東尼·福奇博士呼吁民眾堅(jiān)持公共衛(wèi)生措施。福奇本周四（11月19日）在海斯汀中心參加虛擬討論時(shí)表示，研發(fā)疫苗的最終目的是為了保護(hù)個(gè)人不因感染新冠病毒而生病，但可能無(wú)法防止接種者向他人傳播病毒。

Fauci, when discussing Pfizer and Moderna’s results in clinical trials, explained that the vaccines are being evaluated to see if they prevent clinically apparent disease in the individual, and also to see if it prevents severe disease in a person who was inoculated. However, it is not yet clear what impact the vaccines may have on transmission.

福奇在討論輝瑞和莫德納制藥公司的臨床試驗(yàn)結(jié)果時(shí)解釋道，正在對(duì)疫苗進(jìn)行評(píng)估以確定其能否防止個(gè)人出現(xiàn)明顯臨床癥狀，并確定接種疫苗后是否可以避免發(fā)展成重癥。但是，目前尚不清楚疫苗對(duì)病毒傳播可能產(chǎn)生的影響。

"We have the same issue with influenza,” Fauci said, noting that the two coronavirus vaccines are far more effective than the seasonal flu vaccine. “You can get vaccinated with influenza and you won’t get sick, but it won’t necessarily prevent you from getting infected – although you won’t know you’re infected because you’ll either get mild or no symptoms.”

福奇稱：“流感疫苗也存在這樣的問(wèn)題。”他指出，兩種新冠疫苗都比季節(jié)性流感疫苗要有效得多。“你接種了流感疫苗后不會(huì)患上流感，但不一定會(huì)防止你感染流感病毒，不過(guò)由于你的癥狀輕微或沒(méi)有癥狀，所以你并不知道自己被感染。”

The same concept applies to the eventual COVID-19 vaccine, he said.

他說(shuō)，新冠疫苗的最終成品也是同理。

"The issue is that you’re not going to be completely protected against a degree of infection that you might not even notice that you might be able to spread to others,” he said. “Which is the reason why the message you may have heard me say over the last couple weeks in the media is that getting vaccinated with a highly efficacious vaccine does not mean that you’re going to abandon completely public health measures.”

他說(shuō)：“問(wèn)題在于，當(dāng)你覺(jué)察不到是否在向他人傳播病毒時(shí)，你是不能完全隔絕病毒感染的。這就是我為什么前幾周向媒體表示，即使注射了非常有效的疫苗，也不意味著你可以完全放棄公共衛(wèi)生措施。”

Much debate over mask-wearing and whether it’s beneficial to the wearer or is helpful in stopping the spread has divided the country, particularly as states reenter lockdown modes. Fauci said the public health measures, which include social distancing, avoiding large gatherings, and frequent handwashing should be routine until the level of virus in the community becomes minuscule so that the risk of infection is no longer a threat.

關(guān)于佩戴口罩是否對(duì)佩戴者有益或是否有助于遏制病毒傳播在美國(guó)有兩種截然不同的聲音，尤其在各州又重新進(jìn)入封鎖模式后。福奇表示，包括社交隔離、避免大型聚會(huì)和頻繁洗手在內(nèi)的公共衛(wèi)生措施應(yīng)該成為常規(guī)，直到社區(qū)內(nèi)的新冠病毒傳播水平降至極低，人們不再有被感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Communication, especially as the issues become politically polarized, has been especially difficult, Fauci said, adding that part of the challenge when implementing a public health policy is that it has to be an “all in this together” effort. With recent polls suggesting a decent amount of vaccine hesitancy across the nation, it doesn’t indicate that mass vaccination efforts will be a particularly easy effort.

福奇表示，隨著這一問(wèn)題政治兩極化，溝通變得尤為困難。他補(bǔ)充道，實(shí)施公共衛(wèi)生政策的一部分挑戰(zhàn)來(lái)自需要讓民眾“團(tuán)結(jié)一心”。最近的民意調(diào)查顯示，美國(guó)各地有相當(dāng)多的人對(duì)接種疫苗感到遲疑，這意味著大規(guī)模接種疫苗不是一件很容易的事。

"What we need to do, in a very clear, understandable way, is explain and I try to do this as often as I possibly can – that the speed [of vaccine development] itself is a reflection of scientific advances,” he said. “In other words, the technology of making a vaccine is not your grandfather’s technology – it’s the 21st century technology.”

他說(shuō)：“我們需要做的，簡(jiǎn)單直白地講，就是解釋，而我盡可能地在反復(fù)解釋，疫苗研發(fā)的速度本身反映了科學(xué)進(jìn)步。換言之，現(xiàn)在制造疫苗的技術(shù)不是你祖輩時(shí)的技術(shù)，而是21世紀(jì)的技術(shù)。”

He added that the federal funding and billions of dollars invested at-risk for development and pre-manufacturing orders have helped speed up the timeline by months if not years.

他補(bǔ)充道，投入到研發(fā)和預(yù)售訂單上的聯(lián)邦經(jīng)費(fèi)和數(shù)十億美元風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資就算沒(méi)有將研發(fā)時(shí)間縮短幾年，至少也縮短了幾個(gè)月。